CONFIDENTIAL
Classification
Control:
Date: 23 Nov. 1960 6:30PM
Charge:
SENT TO: SecState WASHINGTON 630 ROUTINE
RPT INFO: CINCPAC 154 ROUTINE
CINCPAC far POLAD
REF: Embtel 582
House of Representatives today passed Constitutional Amendment designed to allow enactment of ex post facto legislation to deal with leading offenders of Rhee regime by overwhelming vote of 191 to 1 out of 200 present and voting (2 abstentions, 6 invalid votes). Almost entire Cabinet, including Prime Minister CHANG Myon, were present for crucial vote but most ex-Liberal Assemblyman absented themselves rather than make fruitless gesture of voting against bill. Sole opposing vote cast by aged Independent KIM Si-hyon who was once imprisoned by Rhee regime for allegedly attempting to assassinate President Rhee.
Government took major security precautions to prevent disruption of Assembly this morning and large numbers of mounted police and riot control squads were deployed in vicinity of Assembly building. These efforts proved superfluous however and only small crowd gathered across from Assembly to await outcome of vote. Lack of public excitement probably due to certain outcome of lower house vote, however, and it now anticipated will be far more public interest focused on Upper House where Independents and ex-Liberals maintain more than one-third seats.
Prospect now is for House of Councillors to vote on Amendment either November 25 or 26. Several farmer Liberals in upper house yesterday voiced publicly for first time strong criticism of pending Amendment, thus raising possibility that bill may yet be defeated in upper house. Today Councillor AN Ho-sang spoke against Amendment during upper house debate and declared that, while he approved Amendment “in principle,” certain aspects of present bill were unacceptable and needed revision. Since no revision can be effected without rejecting present Amendment and submitting new version (which would then undergo new 30-day waiting period), efforts ostensibly to change parts of Amendment would have effect of probably killing entire endeavor.
Both penal law for punishment of election “masterminds” and the special court law bill have passed second reading in HR (see reftel). Other two bills for implementation of Constitutional Amendment (punishment of profiteers and restriction of civil rights of those who have committed “conspicuous anti-democratic acts”) are still being worked on by committees to resolve controversial provisions. HR yesterday established ad hoc committee of representatives from each negotiating group to work on civil rights restriction bill. One of major preoccupations now is effort to work out some means to eliminate most or all of present assemblyman from provisions automatically restricting civil rights of certain categories of former officials. Argument ostensibly is that these persons have received popular vote of confidence in fair July elections and thus should not be automatically penalized. Unvoiced second reason appears to be effort avoid upper house rejection of Constitutional Amendment. As noted reftel, however, final draft of civil rights restriction bill still appears likely to provide for automatic restriction for certain categories of persons.
COMMENT: More outspoken role being taken by upper louse opponents of Constitutional Amendment may indicate that recent subsiding of overt public clamor for extreme legislation and more vigorous Government posture in controlling unruly demonstrations may have encouraged them to brave the whirlwind and attempt to defeat bill in House of Councillors. Despite these maneuvers, however, likelihood is still that upper house will pass Amendment even though margin of passage will probably be closer than in lower house.
McCONAUGHY
POL: DIRanard
RGRichJr: cv