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보/고/서

ATIS INTERROGATION REPORT NO. 2735　20 December 1950

FIELD REPORT (ADVATIS - SPECIAL REPORT #0253)　11 December 1950

PW was observant, intelligent and cooperative. He was willing to give out all information that he was sure of. Judgement of measurements and distances fair. Reliability - Fair.

- Berti in YENCHI-HSIEN (延吉縣) MANCHURIA.

Attached 6 yrs of elementary school at CHIHHSIN-CHU (智新区), YENCHI-HSIEN.

May 46 - Jun 46 - Inducted into the Heal security Unit (自警隊) in CHIHHSIN-CHU (智新区)

Jun 46 - Jul 47 - Transferred to prefectural security unit (保安隊) of YENCHI-HSIEN.

Jul 47 - All members of YENCHI-HSIEN prefectural security unit were transferred to the Northeastern Democratic Allied Array (東北 民主 联軍) Ind 30th Div. PW was transferred to Ind 30th Div, 88th Regt, 1st Bn, 2nd Co.

Jul 47 - Oct 47 - Engaged in many small engagements in CHILIN-HSIEN (吉林省) until he was wounded.

Sep 47 - Unit was redesignated the Northeastern People’s Liberation Force, 10th Army, 30th Div, 88th Regt, 1st Bn, 2nd Co, 2nd Plat, Sub-MG Sqd.

Oct 47 - Dec 47 - Hospitalized in No l branch hospital of Northeast Medical College Hospital (東北 医科 大學病院 第一分校) in HSINGSHAN (興山), formerly called HAOKANG (鹤岡) MANCHURIA.

Dec 47 - Jul 48 - Transferred to HOCHIANG Army District Hospital (合江軍区 病院) in KIAMUSZE (佳木斯) MANCHURIA.

Aug 48 - Returned to unit in CHANGTU-HSIEN (昌圖縣) MANCHURIA.

Sep 48 - 47th Army moved to HEISHAN (黑山) and CHINCHOU-SHENG (錦州省f) MANCHURIA.

Oct 48 - Main force of the Northeast People’s Liberation Force (東北 人民 解放軍) won the battle of LIAOHSI (遼西) at HEISHAN (黑山). Unit designation changed to China People‘s Liberation Army (中國 人民 解放軍) 47th Army, 141st Div, 421st Regt, 1st Bn, 2nd Co. 141st Div marched to KUAN-HSIEN, HOPEI-SHENG (周安縣 河北省).

Mar 49 - 141st Div marched to ICHUAN-HSIEN, HUPEH-SHENG (伊川縣 湖北省). PW contracted malaria after a battle here.

Oct 49 - Feb 50 – Hospitalized in ITU Field Hospital (伊部 野戰 病院) in HUPEH-SHENG (湖北省).

Mar 50 - All Koreans, excluding wireless radio operators, approximately 300 altogether, were told to return to MANCHURIA. These 300 men were equipped with 3 76mm mountain guns, 100 rifles, (US & Japanese model 38 and model, 99), 6 US HMGs on tripods similar to Russian 7. 62mm water cooled MAXIM M1910, 4 US 81mm mortars M1, 2 Japanese 45mm antitank guns, 500 hand grenades and an unknown number of horses. However, instead of being stationed in MANCHURIA, they were sent to KOREA via ANTUNG (安東).

Organization and Equipment of Units

LMG Sqd:

2 us LMGs

2 gunners and 6 ammo carriers

Knee Mortar Sqd:

3 Japanese 50mm knee mortars

3 gunners and 6 ammo carriers

Hvy Weapons Co:

Mortar Plat:

9 x 60mm US mortars

Each sqd 3 mortars, 42 men and 2 horses

HMG Plat: (1st)

3 water cooled US HMGs

3 gunners

39 men and 2 horses

HMG Plat: (2nd)

2 water cooled Chinese Nationalist HMGs

l model 92 Japanese HMG

3 gunners

39 men and 2 horses

Bazooka Sqd:

2 US 2.36 bazookas

4 gunners and 8 ammo carriers

Mortar and AT Gun Bn:

Mortar Co:

4 US 81mm mortars

12 horses, number of men unknown

AT Gun Co:

4 Japanese 45mm AT guns

2 wagons

16 horses, number of men unknown

Supply Co:

Ammo supply and miscellaneous work of Bn

Number of men unknown

Infantry Plat:

2 US LMGs (8 men)

1 US grenade launcher (1 man)

28 rifles (28 men)

112 hand grenades (4 per man)

1 pistol (plat ldr)

4 sub-machine guns (1 asst plat ldr and 3 sqd ldr)

42 men in the platoon

Battle of LIAOHSI (遼西).

China Medical College including attached hospitals in HSINGSHAN-SHIH (興山市) employed approx 500 Japanese (doctors & nurses) as of Dec 47.

No 4 Branch Hospital of China Medical College in KIAMUSZE (佳木斯) employed approx 30 Japanese (doctors & nurses) as of Jul 48.

HOCHIANG Army District Hospital (合江軍区 病院) in KIAMUSZE employed approx 30 Japanese (doctors & nurses) in No 2 and No 3 branch hospitals as of Jul 48.

ITU (伊部) Field Hospital in HUPEH-SHENG employed 2 Japanese doctors and 1 Japanese nurse as of Feb 50.

Ind Div and Ind Regt:

Unit Designation:

MANCHURIA was divided into 4 districts; North MANCHURIA (北滿), South MANCHURIA (南滿), East MANCHURIA (東滿) and West MANCHURIA (西洲).

Each district had a number of its own for its Ind Units. Whenever they moved from one district to another, the unit number was changed. These units usually have unit names and unit code numbers.

Organization of Units:

Same as regular Div or Regt.

Primary Duty:

Maintain security in the occupied areas and rear areas. Supply necessary units to Field Army when required through the Army District (軍区) which is in each province.

Ind Units were the only units left in MANCHURIA when the regular army (定期果 or 規化部隊) entered CHINA.

Uniforms:

Same as regular army.

Rations & Equipment:

Arms, ammo, clothing and food for Ind Units were drawn from Army District (軍区)

Provincial Guard Unit (警備隊):

Unit Designation:

Name of province before the guard unit. In the case of CHILIN-SHENG (吉林省): CHILIN-SHENG Guard Unit.

Location:

capital of province.

Organization:

Same as regular Regt or Bn.

Primary Duty:

Army District (軍区) Hq guard.

Uniforms:

Same as regular army.

Rations & Equipment:

Arms, ammo, clothing and food were drawn from Army District (軍区).

Prefectural Security Unit (保安隊):

Unit Designation:

Prefecture name plus security unit. In case of YENCHI-HSIEN: YENCHI Security Unit (延吉 保安隊).

Location:

Capital of prefecture.

Organization:

Same as regular army Bn.

Primary Duty:

Maintain security within prefecture.

Uniforms:

Grey uniform, same type as regular army,

Rations & Equipment:

Arms, ammo, clothing and food were drawn from the prefecture.

Town and Village Security Unit (民兵) formerly called the Local Security Unit (自警隊):

Unit Designation:

Town or village name plus security unit.

Organization:

Number of members varied according to the size of the town or village, however, the minimum seemed to be ten. Organized by unit leader, asst unit leader and members.

This was first organized under the guidance of the Political Propaganda Unit (政治 工作隊), sent out from prefectures in 1945 and 1946. However, PW did not know whether the Political Propaganda Unit was continuing the guidance at present.

The members were men and women between 18 and 25 years of ago who could read and write and who came from average or poor families. Members of wealthy families were not admitted.

Orders were received from the prefectural office

Primary Duty:

Maintain security of the town or village and guard roads and bridges.

Uniforms:

None. However, an armband made of white cloth 10 cm wide with blue letters reading Security Unit (民兵) was worn on the left arm of each member's clothing.

Equipment:

Some rifles but mostly spears.

Police (Public Security Unit (公安部):

Unit Designation:

Provincial police, prefectural police and district police.

Organization:

Same as regular army.

Primary Duty:

Maintain security including political activities. However, military personnel were not handled by this unit.

Uniforms:

Black.

Rations & Equipment:

Arms, ammo, clothing and food were drawn from the Provincial Government.

Equipment:

Model 38 and model 99 Japanese rifles for each man and some LMGs and pistol.

Officers were sent to school for retraining for 3 months or 6 months and some for more than, 1 year. Soldiers were divided into 2 groups; those who did not need any retraining and those who did need it.

The first group was immediately reorganized into the CCF and the second group was used in who rear. However, PW did not know what sort of training was given to the soldiers who were used in the rear.

The units which captured arms were allowed to use whatever arms they desired. All the surplus and old arms not necessary ware sent to higher headquarters.

Captured clothing, blankets, personal property, etc were all disposed of according to orders from higher headquarters.

Per Year:

2 summer uniforms

1 summer cap

1 summer shirt and drawers

6 towels

4 pairs of socks

12 cairns of soap

2 boxes of toothpowder

2 toothbrushes

1 pair leggings

2 sheets of paper, 1.5m x 1m (for studying)

12 pencils

765 grams of tobacco

8 pairs of cloth shoes

1 pair of leather winter shoes

1 winter uniform

1 overcoat

1 winter cap

1 pair cotton gloves

1 winter shirt and drawers

1 pair summer leather shoes

For the Commanding Officer:

ORGANIZATION CHART OF 4TH FIELD ARMY (AS OF 1949)

HAND GRENADE WITH WOODEN HANDLE